Dilchasp Adabee BaateN # 2

Dilchasp Adabee BaateN #2

(1) taqreeba" 4-5 sau saal se log aise mauqo'N par jab zindagee kee be-cabaatee aur us me a'ish-o-aaraam kee kamyaabee kaa Zikr maqSood ho ek miSra' paRh`aa karte haiN:

"Babar"! bah a'ish kosh keh a'alam do-baarah neest!

yeh miSra' Mughal baadshaah Zaheeruddeen "Babar" kaa hai jis ne Hindustan meN Mughliyah salt^anat kee daaGh-bel Daalee th`ee. "Babar" Farsi kaa achh`aa shaa,i'r bh`ee th`aa. pooraa she`r is t^araH hai:

nau-roz-o-nau-bahaar-o-mai-o-dilbare Khush ast
"Babar"! bah a'ish kosh keh a'alam do-baarah neest!

(nau-roz kaa din ho aur bahaar kaa mausam bh`ee ho; sharaab-e-Saafee ho aur Haseen ma'shooq bh`ee to ai Babar! jee bh`ar ke a'ish-o-i'shrat kar le kyoN.k yeh dunyaa ph`ir do-baarah haath` naheeN aaYe gee)

(2) kisee mauqe' par barjastah she'r kehnaa yaa kisee doosre kaa she'r paRh`naa bh`ee ek fan hai. is kee do micaaleN darj kee jaatee haiN:

(a) Urdu ke mash,hoor shaa,i'r ShaiKh Qalandar BaKhsh "Jur,at" naa-beenaa (blind) th`e. ek martabah woh fikr-e-suKhan meN baiTh`e th`e keh un dost Insha Allah Khan "Inshaa" aa poNhche aur unhoN ne "Jur,at" se pooch`aa keh :Shaikh SaaHib! kis fikr meN Ghalt^aaN haiN?:

"Jur,at" ne kahaa keh: "ek miSra` ho gayaa hai. us kee girah kee fikr meN hooN." aur phir voh miSra' sunaayaa:

us zulf peh ph`abtee shab-e-deejoor kee soojh`ee (ph`abtee=t^anziyah :simile:, deejoor=taareek)

"Insaha" SaaHeb ne faura" kahaa keh: "yooN keh deejiYe":

aNdh`e ko aNdh`ere meN baRee door kee soojh`ee!

(b) Molana Abul Kalam "Azad" Arabee aur Farsee ke zabardast a'alim th`e. un ko hazaaroN ash,a'ar yaad th`e jin ko voh bar-maHal intihaayee mahaarat se ista'maal kiyaa karte th`e. ek martabah ek siyaasee mas,aleh par "Azad" SaaHeb kaa Molana Muhammmad Ali "Johar" se iKhtilaaf ho gayaa aur "Johar" SaaHeb un kaa saath` ch`oR kar doosroN se jaa mile. Molana "Azad" ne is par ek maZ^moon likh`aa aur us meN yeh she'r shaamil kar diyaa:

ma'shooq-e-maa ba-shevah-ee har kas muvaaqif ast
baa maa sharaab Khurd, baa zaahid namaaz kard

(hamaaraa ma'shooq apne sulook meN har ek kaa saath` de letaa hai. jahaaN us ne hamaaare saath` baiTh` kar sharaab pee vaheeN us ne zaahid ke saath` namaaz bh`ee paRh` lee!)

Molana "Johar" Ghusseh meN raat ke vaqt hee apne ek dost Syed Mehfooz Ali ke gh`ar poNhche aur un ko sote se uTh`aa kar kahaa keh : dekh`o Abul Kalam ne kaisaa t^anz kiyaa hai. mujh` ko is kaa javaab abh`ee chaahiYe.:

Syed SaaHeb bh`ee zabardast a'alim th`e. unhoN ne usee vaqt yeh she'r javaab meN likh` kar de diyaa:

bar kafe jaam-e-sharee,a't, bar kafe sandaan-e-i'shq
har havasnaake nah daanad jaam-o-sandaaN baaKhtan!

(mere ek haath` meN sharaab kaa jaam hai aur doosre meN i'shq kaa baTTaa (anvil). ek hawas-parast insaan kab samajh` saktaa hai keh sharee,a't aur i'shq meN kis t^araH tawaazun barqaraar rakh`aa jaa saktaa hai?)

(3) Mughal baadshaah Aurangzeb apnee t^abee,a't kaa bohat saKht th`aa aur Hukoomat un uSooloN par chalaanaa chaahtaa th`aa jo us ke Khayaal meN Islam par mabnee th`e. usee ke muta,a'lliq yeh mash,hoor hai keh us ne mosooqee ko mamnoo' qaraar diyaa th`aa. jab kuch` meeraacee ek farZ^ee janaazah le kar us ke saamne se guZre aur us ke pooch`ne par logoN ne yeh kahaa keh: "yeh mosooqee kaa janaazah hai" to us ne muskuraa kar kahaa th`aa keh: "is ko aisaa gehraa dafn karnaa keh ph`ir nikal na sake!" isee kaa ek lat^eefah aur sun leejiYe:

Aurangzeb ne ek martabah Hukm jaaree kiyaa keh tamaam :zanaan-e-baazaaree: fulaaN taareeKh tak nikaaH kar ke apnee ma'Siyat bh`aree zindagee ko Khairbaad keh deN warnah sab ko ek kashtee meN biTh`aa kar daryaa meN Dubo diyaa jaaYe gaa! is Hukm se gh`abraa kar bohat see aisee auratoN ne jaldee jaldee nikaaH kar liYe lekin kuch` be-nikaaH baaqee reh gayeeN yahaaN tak keh us manHoos taareeKh ke aane meN Sirf ek din reh gayaa. un auratoN meN ek aurat th`ee jo ek maqaamee buzurg Shaikh Kaleem-Ullah se a'qeedat rakh`tee th`ee aur un ke paas roz HaaZ^ir huwaa kartee th`ee. us din woh gayee to Shaikh SaaHeb se aab-deedah ho kar kahaa keh: "baaNdee kaa aaKhiree salaam qubool farmaaiYe".

Shaikh SaaHeb ke daryaaft karne par us ne saaraa Haal sunaayaa to aap ne kahaa keh: "kal jab tum log daryaa kee t^araf le jaayee jaa rahee ho to "Hafiz" Shirazi kaa yeh she'r ba-aawaaz-e-baland paRh`tee jaanaa!":

dar koo-e-nek-naamee maa raa guZar nah daadand
gar too nah mee-pasandee taGhyeer kun qaZ^aa raa!

(ham ko nek-naamee ke kooche meN to jaane naheeN diyaa gayaa. ab agar tujh` ko hamaaree yeh Haalat pasand naheeN hai to ph`ir qaZ^aa ko badal de!)

doosre din jab sab aurateN yeh zor zor se paRh`tee huyee Aurangzeb ke saamne se guZreeN to woh is qadar muta,accir huwaa keh us ne apnaa Hukm usee waqt mansooKh kar diyaa!

(4) Urdu shaa,i'ree ke do markaz (schools) mash,hoor haiN: Luchnow aur Delhi. Luchnow ke do asaatiZah Khwaaja Haidar Ali "Atish" aur Shaikh Imam BaKhsh "Nasikh" kee shaa,i'raanah chashmakeN Urdu adab kee taaReeKh meiN bohat ma'roof haiN. ek zamaaneh meN "Atish" ne "Nasikh" kee GhazaloN kee zameen meN kayee GhazaleN kaheeN. us par "Nasikh" ne jhuNjhlaa kar t^anza" ek she'r kahaa keh:

likh` rahaa hai ek jaahil mere deewaN kaa javaab
Boo-Musailim ne likh`aa th`aa jaise Qur,aaN kaa javaab

(Boo-Musailim : ek shaKhS jis ne paiGhambar hone kaa da'wah kiyaa th`aa)

jab "Atish" ne yeh she'r sunaa to faura" jawaab meN yeh she'r keh diyaa:

kyoN nah de har momin us mulHid ke deewaaN kaa javaab
jis ne deewaaN apnaa Th`airaayaa hai Qur,aaN kaa javaab

(5) Lucknow ke ek mushaa,i're meN "Nasikh" aise waqt poNhche jab meHfil taqreeba" Khatm hone vaalee th`ee. Khwaaja "Atish" aur chand doosre sho,a'raa maujood th`e. mizaaj-pursee ke ba'd logon ne a'rZ^ kiyaa keh: "HuZ^oor! mushaa,i'ra to ho chukaa hai lekin sab ko aap kaa baRaa intiz^aar rahaa".

ShaiKh Nasikh ne faura" yeh mat^la' keh kar sunaa diyaa aur is t^araH apne der meN aane kaa javaaz paidaa kiyaa keh:

jo KhaaS haiN woh shareek-e-giroh-e-a'am naheeN
shumaar-e-daanah-e-tasbeeH meN imam naheeN!

is mat^le' meN tasbeeH (worry beads!) kaa Zikr hai jis meN jaa-bajaa ch`oTe daanoN ke ba'd ek baRaa daanah hotaa hai jo :imam: kehlaataa hai aur jisko tasbeeH paRh`te waqt shumaar naheeN kiyaa jaataa hai. yeh bh`ee yaad rahe keh ShaiKh "Nasikh" kaa naam Imam Bakhsh th`aa. goyaa is she'r meN unhoN ne apne naam se faa,idah bh`ee uTh`aayaa hai. sab ne she'r kee ta'reef kee. "Atish" ne faura" jawaab meN t^anza" kahaa keh:

yeh bazm voh hai keh taaKheer kaa maqaam naheeN
hamaare ganjafeh meN baazee-e-Ghulaam naheeN

us ke javaab meN "Nasik"h ke ek shaagird Khwaaja "Vazeer" ne ek she'r paRh`aa jo aaj bh`ee ba-t^aur-e-Z^arb-ul-macal ista'maal hotaa hai:

jo KhaaS bande haiN woh bandah-e-a'waam naheeN
hazaar baar jo Yusuf bike Ghulaam naheeN!

(6) Lucknow ke ek mushaa,i'reh meN "Nasikh" aur "Atish" apne apne shaagirdoN ke saah` maujood th`e. "Mushafee" ("Atish" ke ustaad) kee aamad bh`ee mutawvaqqe' t`hee lekin woh abh`ee aaYe naheeN th`e. is dauraan meN ek kamsin laRke ne apnee Ghazal kaa mat^la' pesh kiyaa:

jis be-dahan se maiN karooN taqreer bol uTThe
mujh`meN kamaal yeh hai ke taSveer bol uTThe

mushaa,ireh meN shor mach gayaa aur mat^e' kee sab ne bohat ta'reef kee. "Nasikh" ne bh`ee use kayee baar paRh`vaa kar daad dee. itne meiN "Mushafee" aa pohNche. "Nasikh" kisee t^raH "Atish" ko ch`eRnaa chaahate th`e, chunaan.ch jab shama' "Mushafee" ke saamne aayee to "Nasikh" ne un se kahaa keh: "abh`ee aap kee aamad se qabl ek laRke ne ek be-mical mat^la' paRh`aa hai. maiN chaahataa hooN keh aap bh`ee sun leN".

shama' uTh`aa kar us laRke ke saamne rakh` dee gayee aur us ne ph`ir apnaa mat^la' paRh` kar sunaayaa. "Atish" ko apne ustaad ke saamne se shama' is t^araH uTh`aaye jaane par Ghussah aa gayaa aur unhoN ne "Nasikh" se kahaa keh: "ek Ghalat^ mat^le' par is qadar daad kyaa ma'nee? taSveer ko be-dahan kehnaa b.ilkul Ghalat^ hai. is ko yooN kehnaa chaahiye".

jis be-zabaaN se maiN karooN taqreer bol uTThe
mujh' meN kamaal yeh hai ke taSveer bol uTThe

aur is t^araH ek lafz^ ko badal kar she'r bohat balaNd kar diyaa.

(7) ek she'r Gham-o-raNj ke mauqe' par paRh`aa jaataa hai:

dil kaa ujaRnaa sehl sahee, basnaa sehl naheeN z^aalim
bastee basnaa kh`el naheeN, baste baste bastee hai

a'am taur par is ko "Mir" kaa she'r samjh`aa jaataa hai. yeh dar-aSl Shokat Ali Khan "Fani" Badayuni kaa she'r hai. is Ghazal ke kuch` aur ash,a`ar suniYe:

dunyaa meree balaa jaane, mehNgee hai yaa sastee hai
maut mile to muft na loon, hastee kee kyaa hastee hai?

jag soonaa hai tere baGhair, aaNkhoN kaa kyaa Haal huwaa
jab bh`ee dunyaa bastee th`ee, ab bh`ee dunyaa bastee hai

aaNsoo th`e so Khushk huwe, jee hai keh umDaa aataa hai
dil peh gh`ataa see ch`aayee hai, kh`ultee hai na barastee hai

dil kaa ujaRnaa sehl sahee, basnaa sehl naheeN zaalim
bastee basnaa kh`el naheeN, baste baste bastee hai

"Fani" jis meN aaNsoo kyaa, dil ke luhoo kaa kaal nah th`aa
haaYe voh aaNkh` ab paanee kee do booNdoN ko tarastee hai

(8) Mir Taqi "Mir" ke yeh ash,a`ar ek qite' kee Soorat meN paRh`e jaate haiN:

kal paa,ooN ek kaasah-e-sar par jo aa gayaa
yaksar voh ustuKhwaan-e-shakastah se choor th`aa
kehne lagaa keh dekh` ke chal raah be-Khabar!
main bh`ee kabh`oo kasoo kaa sar-e-pur-Ghuroor th`aa!

yeh ash,a'ar "Mir" kee ek Ghazal meN qita'-band kee t^araH aaYe haiN. is Ghazal ke chand aur ash,a'ar mulaaHiz^ah keejiYe:

th`aa must,a'ar Husn se us ke jo noor th`aa
Khursheed meN bh`ee us kaa hee Zarrah z^ahoor th`aa

pohNchaa jo aap ko to maiN pohNchaa Khudaa ke ta,eeN
ma'loom ab huwaa keh bohat maiN bh`ee door th`aa

majlis meN raat ek tire partawe baGhair
kyaa shama', kyaa pataNg, har ik be-Huz^oor th`aa

ham Khaak meN mile to mile, lekin ai sipahr!
us shoKh ko bh`ee raah peh laanaa z^aroor th`aa

kal paa,ooN ek kaasah-e-sar peh jo aa gayaa
yaksar voh ustuKhwaan-e-shakastah se choor th`aa

kehne lagaa keh dekh` ke chal raah beKhabar!
maiN bh`ee kabh`oo kasoo kaa sar-e-pur-Ghuroor th`aa!

(9) ek miSra' akcar log t^anza" paRh`te haiN:

a'ashiq kaa janaazah hai Zaraa dh`oom se nikle!

yeh mat^la' aaKhiree Mughal baadshaah Bagadur Shah "Zafar" ke zamaaneh ke shaa,i'r Mirza Muhammad Ali "Fidwi" kaa hai jo Mirza "Hajv" ke naam se bh`ee mash,hoor th`e. pooraa she'r yooN hai:

chal saath` keh Hasrat dil-e-meHroom se nikle
a'ashiq kaa janaazah hai Zaraa dh`oom se nikle!

(10) log kisee shaKhS ko tanbeeh ke taur par ek miSra' sunaate haiN. Aap ne :election: yaa aise hee kisee aur siyaasee mauqe' par is ko idh`ar-udh`ar likh`aa dekh`aa ho gaa:

dauRo! zamaanah chaal qayaamat kee chal gayaa!

yeh she'r Justice Shah Deen "HumaayuN" kaa hai. aap 12 April 1868 ko Baghbaanpura (Lahore) meN paidaa huwe aur 2 July 1918 ko Lahore meN hee Allah ko pyaare huwe. pooraa she'r is t^araH se hai:

uTTho! wagarnah Hashr naheeN ho gaa ph`ir kabh`ee
dauRo! zamaanah chaal qayaamat kee chal gayaa!

(11) kisee shaKhS kaa intiqaal ho jaaYe to log yeh miSra' paRh`te haiN:

kyaa Khoob aadamee th`aa, Khudaa maGhfirat kare!

yeh Shaikh Muhammad Ibrahim "Zauq" (1789-1854) kaa ek maqt^a' hai. "Zauq" aur "Ghalib" ham-a'Sr th`e aur donoN muKhtalif waqtoN meN Bahadur Shah "Zafar" ke ustaad bh`ee rahe th`e. pooraa maqt^a' is t^araH hai:

kehte haiN aaj "Zauq" jahaaN se guZar gayaa
kyaa Khoob aadamee th`aa, Khudaa maGhfirat kare

(12) ek miSra' taqreeba" 1856 se Z^arb-ul-macal ke taur par musta'mil hai aur insaan ke u'rooj-o-zavaal kee i'bratnaak a'kkaasee kartaa hai. is ko shaa,i'r ne Mughal salt^anat kee bujh`tee huyee shama' ke pas-manz^ar meN kahaa th`aa lekin yeh ab bh`ee apnee ma'naviyyat meN yaktaa hai:

ik dh`oop th`ee keh saath` gayee aaftaab ke!

yeh Munshi Khush Bakht Ali Khan "Khursheed" Lucknavi ke ek she'r se maaKhooZ hai. "Khursheed" SaaHeb Muhammad Raza "Barq" Lucknavi ke shaagird th`e. mat^la' is t^araH se hai:

peeree meN valvale voh kahaaN haiN shabaab ke
ik dh`oop th`ee keh saath` gayee aaftaab ke!

(13) jab koyee shaKhS :aadh`ee ko ch`oR kar pooree: ke peech`e bh`aage aur us ke haath` un meN se ek bh`ee nah lage to log Hasrat yaa t^anz se kehte haiN keh:

nah Khudaa hee milaa, nah viSaal-e-Sanam, nah idh`ar ke rahe, nah udh`ar ke rahe!

yeh miSra' Mirza Sadiq "Sharar" kaa hai. pooraa she'r suniYe:

gaye donoN jahaan ke kaam se ham, nah idh`ar ke rahe, nah udh`ar ke rahe
nah Khudaa hee milaa nah viSaal-e-Sanam, nah idh`ar ke rahe nah udh`ar ke rahe!

(14) kisee kee vafaat ho jaaYe to a'am taur par log ta'ziyat ke vaqt iz^haar-e-Haqeeqat aur tasallee ke liYe kehte haiN:

aaj woh, kal hamaaree baaree hai!

yeh Urdu kee mash,hoor macnavee 'Zehr-e-I'shq' (Hakeem Tasadduq Husain, al-ma'roof bah Mirza "Sauq" Lucknavi:1783-1871) ke haiN. poora she'r aur isee macnavee ke chand aur ash,a'ar darj-e-zel haiN:

maut se kis ko rustgaaree hai
aaj voh kal hamaaree baaree hai

i'shq meN ham ne yeh kamaayee kee
dil diyaa, Gham se aashnaayee kee

jaaYe-i'brat saraaYe-faanee hai
moorid-e-marg-e-naagihaanee hai

ooNche ooNche makaan th`e jin ke
aaj voh taNg gor meN haiN paRe

har gh`aRee munqalib zamaanah hai
yehee dunyaa ka kaar-Khaanah hai

Mirza "Shauq" ke pote "Ahsan" Lukhnavee kaa kehnaa hai ke macnavee 'Zehr-e-I'shq' ek sachche vaaqi,e' par mabnee hai. un ke bayaan ke mut^aabiq Mirza "Shauq" ke biraadar-e-nisbatee (saale!) aur ek Khaatoon "Sitaaraa" kee muHabbat apne anjaam meN naakaam caabit huyee th`ee. Mirza "Shauq" ne in donoN kee Gham-aNgez guftgoo kisee t^araH sun lee th`ee aur us se muta,accir ho kar apnee macnavee kaa aaGhaaz usee raat deevaar par ko,yele se macnavee ke ibtidaayee ash,a'ar likh` kar kiyaa th`aa.

(15) maut aur zindagee ke Havaaleh se darj-e-zel miSra' muddat se Z^arb-ul-macal ho kar reh gayaa hai:

zindagee naam hai mar mar ke jiYe jaane kaa!

yeh naamvar shaa,i'r Shokat Ali Khan "Fani" ke ek she'r kaa miSra' hai. "Fani" kaa kalaam apnee Hasrat-aamezee aur soz ke liYe nihaayat mash,hoor hai aur mauSoof kaa shumaar "Jigar" Muradabadi, "Asghar" Gondavi aur "Hasrat" Mohani ke saath` pich`lee Sadee ke a'zeem sho,a'raa meN kiyaa jaataa hai. "Fani" qaSbah Islamnagar, Z^ila' Badayun meN 13 September 1879 ko paidaa huwe the aur aap ne 27 August 1941 ko Hyderabad (Deccan) meN intiqaal farmaaya. aap Arabee, Farsee aur Urdu ke a'alim th`e aur saath` hee 1901 meN Bareilly College se BA aur 1908 meN Aligarh Muslim University se LLB kee asnaad bh`ee HaaSil kar rakh`ee th`eeN. un kaa pooraa she'r suniYe:

har nafas u'mr-e-guZishtah kee hai mai,yyat "Fani"
zindagee naam hai mar mar ke jiYe jaane kaa!

"Fani" ke yeh teen ash,a'ar bh`ee bohat mash,hoor haiN:

Zikr jab ch`iR gayaa qayaamat kaa
baat pohNchee tiree javaanee tak!

sune jaate nah th`e tum se mire din raat ke shikve
kafan sarkaa,o meree be-zabaanee dekh`te jaa,o

ik mu,a'mmah hai samajh`ne kaa nah samjh`aane kaa
zindagee kaahe ko hai, Khwaab hai deewaane kaa!

(16) SeHat aur tandurustee kee ahmiyat ke Havaale se yeh she'r akcar paRh`aa jaataa hai:

taNgdastee agar nah ho "Ghalib"
tandurustee hazaar ne'mat hai

yeh she'r Mirza "Ghalib" kaa naheeN hai bal.k Mirza Qurban Ali Beg "Salik" kaa hai jo "Ghalib" ke shaagird th`e. Delhi meN 1824 meN paidaa huwe th`e aur 1881 meN Hyderabad (Deccan) meN intiqaal kiyaa. aap kee betee Ruqaiyya Begam Hind-o-Pak ke mash,hoor a'alim-e-Islam Molana Abul A'la Maudoodi kee waalidah th`eeN. SaHeeH she'r yooN hai:

taNgdastee agar nah ho "Salik"
tandurustee hazaar ne'mat hai

(17) Mughal Hukoomat ke zavaal ke zamaaneh meN baadshaah Muhammad Shah :RaNgeelaa: kaa naam apnee a'i,yyaashiyoN kee vajh se taareeKh meN bohat mash,hoor hai. usee kaa ek Farsee miSr'a bh`ee zabaaN-zad-e-KhaaS-o-a'am hai keh:

shaamat-e-a'maal-e-maa, Soorat-e-Nadir girift

(hamaaree shaamat-e-a'maal ne hameN Nadir Shah Durraanee kee Soorat meN pakaR liyaa hai)

lekin is kaa pas-manz^ar kam logoN ko ma'loom hai. Nadir Shah Durrani ne 1739 ke lag-bh`ag Delhi par Hamlah kiyaa th`aa aur vahaaN qatl-o-Ghaarat-garee kaa baazaar garm kar rakh`aa th`aa. jab baadshaah ke darbaaree Muhammad Shah :RaNgeele: ke HuZ^oor shikaayat le kar aaYe keh shehr meN yeh sab ho rahaa hai to baadshaah ko apnee be-basee kaa andaazah huwaa aur us ne aah bh`ar kar fil-badeeh (ya'nee usee vaqt) yeh she'r keh diyaa keh:

deedah-e-i'brat-kushaa! qudrat-e-Haq raa be-beeN
shaamat-e-a'maal-e-maa, Soorat-e-Nadir girift!

(ai meree i'brat dekh`ne vaalee aaNkh! Zaraa Allah kee qudrat dekh` keh hamaaree shaamat-e-a'maal ne Nadir kee Soorat meN hameN pakaR liyaa hai).

yeh voh vaqt th`aa jab Nadir Shah ke Hukm se Delhi meN qatl-e-a'am ho rahaa th`aa aur hazaaroN aadamee maut ke gh`aaT utaare jaa rahe th`e. us zamaaneh ke dastoor ke mut^aabiq Nadir Shah Delhi kee Jame' Masjid meN talwaar sooNte baiTh`aa huwaa th`aa. yeh qatl-e-a'am ke Hukm ke mutaraadif th`aa aur jab tak voh is Soorat meN baiTh`aa rehtaa qatl-e-a'am jaaree rehtaa. aaKhir Muhammad Shah :RaNgeele: kaa vazeer-e-a'z^am naNge sar aur be-chaaragee ke iz^haar ke t^aur par gale meN apnee talwaar laTkaa kar Nadir Shah ke saamne Haa^zir huwaa aur kahaa keh:

kase nah maaNd keh deegar ba-teGh-e-naaz kushee
magar keh zindah kunee Khalq raa va baaz kushee!

(ab to koyee bh`ee baaqee naheeN bachaa hai keh too apnee nigaah-e-naaz se us ko qatl kare, sivaaYe is ke keh too logoN ko dobaarah zindah kare aur ph`ir se un ko qatl kare!)

us kee be-kasee aur buRh`aape ko dekh` kar Nadir Shah ne apnee talwaar niyaam meN kar lee aur kahaa keh ":ba reesh-e-safedat baKhsheedam" (tumhaaree safed daaRh`ee ko dekh` kar maiN mu,a'af kartaa hooN).

usee vaqt Irani naqeeb Delhi kee saRkoN per :amaan! amaan!: chillaate huwe dauR nikle aur qatl-e-a'am ruk gayaa.

aglaa zamaanah bh`ee a'jeeb th`aa. logoN meN adabee aur she'ree zauq bohat th`aa aur aise saKht vaqt bh`ee un ko :haree haree: soojh`tee th`ee!

(18) ek miSra` bohat mash,hoor hai jo log kisee achh`e shaKhS ke intiqaal-e-pur-malaal ke mauqe' par paRh`te haiN:

Khudaa baKhshe bohat see KhoobiyaaN th`eeN marne vaale meN!

yeh miSra Mirza Khan "Dagh" Dehalvi kaa hai aur mukammal she'r yooN hai:

Khabar sun kar mere marne kee voh bolaa raqeeboN se
Khudaa baKhshe! bohat see KhoobiyaaN th`eeN marne vaale meN!

Mirza "Dagh" (1831-1905) "Ghalib" ke shaagird th`e aur Urdu ke musallim-us-cuboot asaatiZah meN un kaa shumaar hotaa hai. un ke chand aur ash,a'ar mash,hoor haiN aur neeche likh`e jaate haiN:

raah par un ko lagaa laaye to haiN baatoN meN
aur kh`ul jaayeN ge do-chaar mulaaqaatoN meN!

falak detaa hai jin ko a'ish un ko Gham bh`ee hote haiN
jahaaN bajtee hai shehnaayee vahaaN maatam bh`ee hote haiN

Urdu hai jis kaa naam hameeN jaante haiN "Dagh"!
saare jahaaN meN dh`oom hamaaree zabaaN kee hai

(19) ek jumlah mash,hoor hai jo log kisee aise shaKhS ke liYe kehte haiN jis kaa koyee Thikaanaa nah ho aur jo dar-badar maaraa maaraa ph`irtaa ho

dh`obee kaa kuttaa, gh`ar kaa, nah gh`aaT kaa

yeh dar-aSl Mirza Muhammad Rafee' "Sauda" (1713-1781) ke darj-e-zel teen ash,a'ar kaa HiSSah hai jo unhoN ne Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-JaanaN (Farsee ke mash,hoor shaa,i'r th`e aur Urdu meN bh`ee kehte th`e lekin kam) kee shaa,i'ree kee Hajv (buraayee) meN kahe th`e:

"Mazhar" kaa she'r Farsee aur reKhtah ke beech
"Sauda"! yaqeen jaan keh roRaa hai baaT kaa

aagaah-e-Farsee to kaheN is ko reKhta
vaaqif jo reKhtah kaa Zaraa hove ThaaT kaa

al-qiSSah is kaa Haal yehee hai jo sach kahooN
kuttaa hai dh`obee kaa keh nah gh`ar kaa nah gh`aaT kaa!

(20) jab koyee pareshaan ho to log us kee tasallee ke liYe kehte haiN keh:

baaNT le koyee kisee kaa Gham yeh mumkin hee naheeN
yaar Gham duniyaa meN uTh`vaate naheeN mazdoor se!

yeh she'r Lucknow ke mash,hoor ustaad Shaikh Imam Bakhsh "Nasikh" kaa hai.

(21) kisee par hameshah buraa vaqt hee rahe to log kehte haiN keh:

umr kaTne ko kaTee par kyaa hee Khwaaree meN kaTee

yeh Khwajah Aminuddin "Amin" Azeemabadi kaa ek mat^la' hai. Nawab Mustafa Khan "Sheftah" (shaagird-e-"Ghalib") ke tazkare Gulshan-e-be-Khaar meN in kaa Zikr hai keh us vaqt mausoof zindah th`e (1834). pooraa mat^la' yooN hai:

din kaTaa fariyaad meN aur raat zaaree meN kaTee
umr kaTne ko kaTee par kyaa hee Khwaaree meN kaTee!

(22) ek maqt^a' Mir Taqi "Mir" ke naam se bohat mash,hoor hai aur us kee a'am shakl yooN hai:

shikast-o-fat^H naSeeboN se hai vale ai "Mir"
muqaabilah to dil-e-naatawaaN ne Khoob kiyaa

she'r waaqa,e'e bohat KhoobSoorat hai aur is kaa "Mir" ke naam se mansoob ho jaanaa koyee Hairat kee baat naheeN hai. lekin dar-aSl yeh she'r Nawab Muhammad Yar Khan "Ameer" Rampuri kaa hai. mauSoof riyaasat Rampur ke baanee Nawab Faizullah Khan ke ch`oTe bhaayee th`e aur ustaaz-ul-asaatiZah "Qaa,im" Chandpuri ke shaagird th`e. SaHeeH Soorat is she'r kee yooN hai:

shikast-o-fat^H miaaN! ittifaaq hai lekin
muqaabilah to dil-e-naatawaaN ne Khoob kiyaa!

isee t^araH ek aur she'r hai jo "Mir" ke naam se mash,hoor hai HaalaaN.k un kaa naheeN hai. yeh she'r bh`ee apnee nazaakat-e-bayaan aur KhoobSooratee meN laa-javaab hai:

voh aaYe bazm meN itnaa to "Mir" ne dekh`aa
ph`ir is ke ba'd chiraaGhoN meN raushanee nah rahee!

ek kitaab :Kaamilaan-e-Rampur: meN yeh she'r "Fikr" Rampuri kaa bataayaa gayaa hai. maze kee baat yeh hai keh usee kitaab meN is ko "Raz" Yazdaanee kaa bh`ee likh`aa gayaa hai jo "Fikr" Rampuri ke ustaad th`e! SaHeeH she'r Sirf taKhalluS ke farq ke saath` yooN darj hai:

voh aaYe bazm meN itnaa to "Fikr" ne dekh`aa
ph`ir is ke ba'd chiraaGhoN meN raushanee nah rahee

(23) a'llaamah "Iqbal" kee ek mash,hoor Ghazal ke do ash,a'ar yooN haiN:

kabh`ee ai Haqeeqat-e-muntaz^ar! naz^ar aa libaas-e-majaaz meN
keh hazaaroN sajde taRap rahe haiN miree jabeen-e-niyaaz meN

too bachaa bachaa ke nah rakh` ise, tiraa aa,eenah hai voh aa,eenah
keh shikastah ho to a'zeez-tar hai nigaah-e-aa,eenah-saaz meN

isee zameen aur beHr meN ek she'r mash,hoor hai jo "Iqbal" (1869-1938) kaa naheeN hai bal.k un ke ham-a'Sr shaa,i'r Ikram Ahmad "Lut^f" Badayuni (1875-1943) kaa hai:

ruKh-e-Mustafaa hai voh aa,eenah keh ab aisaa doosraa aa,eeinah
nah hamaaree bazm-e-Khayaal meN, nah dukaan-e-aa,eenah-saaz meN

(Mustafaa : laqab hai Prophet Muhammad kaa)

(24) ab neeche kuch` ash,a'ar aur un ke likh`ne vaale shaa,i'r ke naam diYe jaa rahe haiN. yeh ash,a'ar kisee na kisee vajh se mash,hoor haiN:

siyah-baKhtee meN kab koyee kisee kaa saath` detaa hai
keh taareekee meN saayah bh`ee judaa hotaa hai insaaN se (Imam Bakhsh "Nasikh")

ve SoorateN Ilaahee! kis des bastiyaaN haiN?
ab jin ke dekh`ne ko aaNkh`eN tarastiyaaN haiN (Mirza Rafee' "Sauda")

gayaa voh Husn lekin raNg hai ruKhsaar-e-jaanaaN par
abh`ee baaqee hai kuch` kuch` dh`oop deevaar-e-gulistaaN par ("Mushtaq" Dehlavi)

Zaraa un kee shoKhee to dekh`iYe, liYe zulf-e-Kham-shudah haath` meN
mire peech`e aa ke dabe-dabe mujh`e :saaNp!: keh ke Daraa diyaa! ("Makhfee" : "Mushafi" kee beTee)

tumheN GhairoN se kab furSat, ham apne Gham se kab Khaalee
chalo bas ho chukaa milnaa, nah tum Khaalee nah ham Khaalee (Jafar Ali "Hasrat" Dehlavi)

sadaa a'ish dauraaN dikh`aataa naheeN
gayaa vaqt ph`ir haath` aataa naheeN (Mir "Hasan" Dehlavi)

likh` kar jo meraa naam zameeN par miTaa diyaa
un kaa th`aa kh`el Khaak meN mujh` ko milaa diyaa (Nawab Akhtar Mahal : Mughal shahzaadee th`eeN)

(25) ek din Mirza "Ghalib" ke gh`ar meN un ke kuch` shaagird jama' th`e. voh Khud kisee kaam se baahar gaYe huwe th`e. un ke ek shaagird ne nah jaane kis taraNg meN ek muhmal miSra' kahaa keh:

sharaab seeKh peh Daalee, kabaab sheeshe meN

doosre shaagird Khoob haNse keh yeh bh`ee koyee baat huyee! itne meN "Ghalib" vaapas aa gaYe. logoN ne un ke saamne yeh miSra' pesh kiyaa. unhoN ne kahaa keh: "is miSre' par yooN gireh lagaa lo, she'r mukammal ho jaaYe gaa":

kisee ke aane se saaqee ke aise hosh uRe
sharaab seeKh peh Daalee, kabaab sheeshe meN!

(26) "Iqbal" ek martabah Aligarh Muslim University gaYe huwe th`e. chand laRkoN ne shoKhee se ek miSra' mauzooN kar ke un kee Khidmat meN pesh kiyaa keh is par gireh lagaa deejiYe. miSra' yooN thaa:

mach`liyaaN dasht meN paidaa hoN, hiran paanee meN

"Iqbal" aisee baatoN se parhez karte th`e lekin logoN kee farmaa,ish par unhoN ne fil.badeeh gireh lagaa kar she'r mukammal kar diyaa:

ashk se dasht bh`areN, aah se sookh`eN daryaa
mach`liyaan dasht meN paidaa hoN, hiran paanee meN

(27) ek baar Mir "Anees" ne ek she'r kaa doosraa miSra' mauzooN kiyaa lekin pehlaa miSra' ban naheeN paa rahaa th`aa. "Anees" ke waalid Mir Khaleeq (jo Khud bh`ee ek baland paayah-marciah-go th`e) ke istifsaar par "Anees" ne miSra' sunaayaa:

achch`aa! sawaar ho,iYe, ham oonT baNte haiN

(is miSre' kaa pas-manz^ar ye hai keh "Anees" wo waaqi.a' qalam-band karnaa chaah rahe th`e jab ek baar Imam Hussain (jo abh`ee bachche hee th`e) kisee baat par Z^id kar rahe th`e to HuZ^oor-e-paak ne unheN apnee kamar par biTh`aa kar sawaaree karwaayee th`ee.)

Mir Khaleeq ne miSra' sunte hee she'r mukammal kar diyaa:

jab aap rooTh`te haiN to mushkil se mante haiN
achchaa sawaar ho,iYe ham oonT bante haiN

(28) Mir "Anees" ne ek baar kisee marciah-Khwaanee kee meHfil meN yeh miSra' paRh`aa:

beHr-e-Ali ke gauhar-e-yaktaa Hussain haiN

is par saama,e'en ne shor machaayaa keh "behr-e-Ali" meN "Zam" (defamation) kaa pehloo nikaltaa hai kyoN'k "beHr-e-Ali" ko "behre Ali" (ya'nee kaanoN se ma'Zoor Ali!) paRhaa yaa sunaa jaa saktaa hai, aur z^aahir hai keh yeh be-adabee hai. "Anees" ne faura" miSra' badal diyaa:

kaan-e-Ali ke gauhar-e-yaktaa Hussain haiN

logoN ne ph`ir shor machaayaa ke Hazrat Ali "kaane" naheeN th`e! gh`abraa kar Mir "Anees" ne ek baar ph`ir miSra' badal diyaa:

ganj-e-Ali ke gauhar e yaktaa Hussain haiN

log ph`ir cheeKh uTh`e keh Hazrat Ali "ganje" bh`ee naheeN th`e! Mir "Anees" ne ek baar ph`ir faura" miSra' badal diyaa:

kanz-e-Ali ke gauhar-e-yaktaa Hussain haiN (kanz = Khazaanah)

aur is t^araH un kee jaan ch`ooTee.

(29) in micaloN se yeh nah samjh`aa jaaYe keh hameshah doosre hee "Anees" ke ash,a'ar mukammal kiyaa karte th`e. Mir Maunis ("Anees" ke ch`oTe bhaayee) ne ek din "Anees" ko apnaa she'r sunaayaa:

nah taRapne kee ijaazat hai nah faryaad kee hai
yoonhee mar jaa,ooN, ye marZ^ee mire Sai,yaad kee hai

Mir "Anees" ne doosre miSre` meN ma'moolee tarmeem kar ke she'r ko woh chaar chaaNd lagaa diYe jis se yeh she'r Z^arb-ul-macal kaa darjah iKhtiyaar kar gayaa:

nah taRapne kee ijaazat hai nah faryaad kee hai
ghuT ke mar jaa,ooN, yeh marZ^ee mire Sai,yaad kee hai

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