Tawaarud: Zabaan-o-Bayaan kee Mumaacilat

Tawaarud
(Ash,a�ar MeN Zabaan-o-Bayaan Kee Mumaacilat)


Sarwar A. Raz


(I) Tamheed

zer-e-naz^ar maZ^moon kee taaleef meN bohat see kitaaboN aur risaaloN se madad lee gayee hai. goyaa in meN meree t^aba�zaad (original) ma�rooZ^aat bohat hee kam haiN. muta,a�ddid maqaamaat par doosroN kee i�baarateN aur maZ^aameen jooN-ke-tooN naql kar diYe gaYe haiN aur un meN kisee t^araH kee tarmeem-o-tanseeKh se daanistah gurez kiyaa gayaa hai. yahaaN is t^areeq-e-kaar kaa Zikr ashad Z^arooree hai taa.k raaqim-ul-Huroof ko kisee bh`ee sat^H par :sarqeh: ke ilzaam kaa mustaHiq nah qaraar diyaa jaaYe!

America meN aise maZ^aameen likh`ne meN kitaaboN, risaaloN, kutub-KhaanoN aur aSHaab-e-i�lm ke fuqdaan ne baRee mushkileN paidaa kar rakh`ee haiN. is t^araH ke neem-teHqeeqee maZ^aameen u�mooma� Internet kee Urdu meHfiloN ke liYe likh`e jaate haiN. yeh maqaalaat Hind-o-Pak ke aKhbaar-o-risaa,il meN Khaal-Khaal hee shaa,e� hote haiN. un sab kitaaboN aur risaaloN kaa aur mut^a,a�lliqah muSannifeen kaa Zikr yahaaN mumkin naheeN hai jin se maZ^moon kee tai,yyaaree meN istifaadah kiyaa gayaa hai. raaqim-ul-Huroof in sab kaa dilee mamnoon hai aur apnee maZkoorah kotaahee ke liYe ma�Zirat-Khwaah bh`ee!

t^ai kar chukaa hooN raah-e-muHabbat ke marHale
is se ziyaadah Haajat-e-sharH-o-bayaaN naheeN (Raz Chandpuri)

(II) Ibtidaa,iyah

Urdu sho,a�raa ke ash,a�ar meN zabaan-o-bayaan aur Khayaalaat kee mumaacilat (yaksaaniyat) kee taareeKh bohat puraanee hai, is mauZoo' par bohat kuch` likh`aa bh`ee jaa chukaa hai. bad-qismatee se is mawaad par America meN muqeem ahl-e-Urdu ko dast,ras HaaSil naheeN hai. kabh`ee kabh`ee internet par aise dilchasp mauZ^oo�aat par guftgoo ho jaatee hai aur ahl-fikr-o-naz^ar ke shauq ko aNgez kar detee hai. macala� ek meHfil meN darj-e Zel asha�ar meN mumaacilat par baat-cheet huyee th`ee keh is ko meHZ^ ittifaaq kahaa jaaYe yaa kisee aur naam se pukaaraa jaaYe?

aarzoo-e-janaab kaun kare?
apnee miTTee Kharaab kaun kare? (Jugnoo)

shikvah-e-iZ^t^iraab kaun kare?
apnee dunyaa Kharaab kaun kare? (Shakeel)
chooN.k yeh mauZ^oo' nihaayat dilchasp hai aur akcar sho,a�raa ko jald yaa ba-der is kaifiyyat se do-chaar honaa paRtaa hai, is liYe is par qadre tafSeelee beHc munaasib ma'loom hotee hai

ek shaa,i�r ko koyee she�r paRh kar kisee doosre shaa,i�r kaa mumaacil (miltaa-jultaa) she�r yaad aa jaanaa koyee Hairat kee baat naheeN hai. insaan kaa dimaaGh bohat see baateN aur waaqi,a�at Ghair sha,o�oree t^aur par meHfooz^ rakh` ch`oRtaa hai aur ba'd meN kisee teHreek ke baa,ic un par yaad ke darvaaze kh`ol detaa hai. micaal ke t^aur par hameN kisee shaKhS kee Soorat dekh` kar apnaa koyee puraanaa dost yaad aa.jaataa hai. yaa kisee waqi,e�h kee taHreeK par bachpan kee koyee yaad aakar dil ko nihaal yaa malool kar jaatee hai. isee t^araH she�r kehte huYe maaZ^ee meN kabh`ee naz^ar se guZre huwe kisee she�r kaa a�ks mut^laq Ghair-sha,o�oree t^aur par ek shaa,i�r kee taKhleeqaat meN ubh`ar aanaa a�in mumkin hai, bal.k akcar aisaa huwaa bh`ee kartaa hai.

kuch` hee din qabl kee baat hai keh meree ek nayee Ghazal dekh` kar ek dost ne meree tavajjuh waalid marHoom (Abul Fazil Hazrat �Raz� Chandpuri) kee ek Ghazal kee jaanib mabZool kee jis ke kayee miSre� meree Ghazal meN jooN-ke-tooN dar.aaYe th`e! yeh amr mere liYe intihaayee Hairat kaa baa,ic th`aa. z^aahir hai keh agar meree niyyat kisee kee Ghazal par "ch`aapaa maarne" kee hotee to is qabeeH-o-maZmoom Harakat kaa nishaanah apne waalid marHoom ko to hargiz nah banaataa! nah.jaane kab kee paRh`ee huyee un kee woh Ghazal mere Zehn ke kisee gosheh meN meHfooz reh.gayee ho gee aur ph`ir usee zameen aur beHr meN she�r kehte waqt Ghair-sha,o�oree taur par qalam-o-zabaan par ravaaN ho gayee!

(III) Sarqah aur Tawaarud

muKhtalif sho,a�raa ke ash,a�ar meN mumaacilat kee beHc meN do (2) iSt^ilaaHoN kee waZ^aaHat Z^arooree hai:

(1) Sarqah (choree)

koyee shaKhS kisee doosre shaa,i�r kaa she�r, yaa she�r kaa charbah (bunyaadee Khayaal) qaSada� apne naam se likh` de aur is �Ghalat^ee� kee nishaan-dehee ke ba�d bh`ee apnee �laGhzish� kaa e'tiraaf aur us kee durustee nah kare to aise f'el ko �sarqah� (choree) kahaa jaataa hai. yeh ek f'el-e-qabeeH hai aur koyee shareef shaKhS aisee Harakat kaa murtakib naheeN ho saktaa hai.

is silsileh meN yeh yaad rakhnaa Z^arooree hai keh Sirf she�r kee mumaacilat yaa Khayaal-o-bayaan kee yaksaaniyat par sarqeh kaa ilzaam lagaanaa SaHeeH naheeN hai, illaa yeh keh jurm b.ilkul faash ho aur us kaa koyee aur jawaaz kisee Soorat se nah nikaltaa ho. goyaa sarqeh ke ilzaam kee Soorat meN naa-qaabil-e-tardeed cuboot faraaham karnaa Z^arooree hai. agar yeh nah ho to har shaKhS par aise ilzaam ke darwaaze kh`ulne meN der naheeN lage gee!


(2) Tawaarud (she�r kaa ittifaaqa�:laR: jaanaa, =coincidence)

is iSt^ilaaH ke luGhawee ma'nee "ek maZ^moon kaa do shaa,i�roN ke Zehn meN aakar baahamee it^t^ilaa' ke baGhair naz^m ho jaanaa" haiN. doosre alfaaz^ meN yooN keh leejiYe keh yaksaaN zabaan-o-bayaan yaa Khayaal ke ash,a�ar kaa do muKhtalif shaa,i�roN par wurood �tawaarud� kehlaataa hai.

Urdu shaa,i�ree kee taareeKh meN laakh`oN logoN ne daad-e-suKhan dee hai, chunaan.ch ab shhayad hee koyee aisaa Khayaal, jaZbah yaa mu,a�amilah reh.gayaa ho jis ko kisee nah kisee ne she�r kee Soorat meN nah baaNdh`aa ho. albattah yeh Z^aroor hai keh naYe andaaz-o-t^arz-e-bayaan ke darvaaze ab bh`ee sab par kh`ule huYe haiN. is Haqeeqat ke pesh-e-naz^ar she�r-goyee meN �tawaarud� kam-o-besh naa-guzeer saa ho kar reh gayaa hai aur taqreeba� har shaa,i�r ko is kaa saamna karnaa paRtaa hai.

tawaarud kee do (2) SoorateN mumkin haiN: (a) sha,o�oree (b)Ghair-sha,o�oree

(a) sha,o�oree tawaarud kee Soorat to yeh hai ke ek shaa,i�r doosre se muta,accir ho kar us ke raNg meN she�r kehne kee sha,o�oree koshish kare. yaa jaan-boojh` kar us ke kisee Khayaal ko apne t^aur se baaNdh`ne kee koshish kare. goyaa us kee taKhleeq meN us ke pasandeedah shaa�ir ke raNg ke i�laavah us ke ba'z Khayaalat bh`ee aa sakte haiN. hamaare buzurg kisee aur kee sha,o�oree taqleed buree naheeN samajhte th`e, bal.k apne kalaam meN is kaa e'tiraaf kh`ule dil se faKhr ke saath` karte th`e. aaj-kal ke kuch` sho,a�raa doosroN kee a�z^mat kaa e'tiraaf ma'yoob gardaante haiN, goyaa apne se baRoN kee i�zzat-o-taus^eef se Khud un ke maqaam par buraa acar paR saktaa hai! aSl mu,a�amilah is ke b.ilkul bar_a�ks hai aur aisaa e'tiraaf faraaKh-dilee aur shaa,istagee kee daleel hai.

ba'Z^ naye likh`ne waaloN ne apnee kam-sawaadee meN buzurgon kee tauheen tak ko ravaa rakh`aa hai. chand micaaleN darj-e-zel haiN:

(1) Khaawar Khan SarHadee apnee be-faiZ^ shaa,i�ree kaa ishtihaar yooN dete haiN:

baiTh`e haiN Josh-o-Mir tire gh`ar ke saamne

(2) Obidullah Aleem Khudaa-e-suKhan �Mir� ke HuZ^oor apnee kor-Zauqee kaa cuboot is taraH faraaham karte haiN:

pehlaa shaa,i�r Mir huwaa, aur us ke ba'd hooN maiN!

(3) Manzar Bhopaalee apne Zehnee aur she'ree :deewaalia-pan: kaa e'laan yooN karte haiN:

keh.do Mir-o-Ghalib se ham bh`ee she�r kehte haiN
woh Sadee tumhaaree th`ee, yeh Sadee hamaaree hai

(innaa lillaah-e wa-innaa-ilaihe raaji,o�on!)

ek jaanib to yeh Haal hai aur doosree t^araf hamaare buzurgoN kee inkisaaree aur apne baRoN se iktisaab-e-fan par faKhr kaa Saaf aur shaa,istah e'tiraaf hai. mulaaHiz^ah keejiYe keh yeh mashaa,heer aur asaatiZah kyaa kehte haiN:

na huwaa par nah huwaa Mir kaa andaaz naSeeb
"Zauq"! yaaroN ne bohat zor Ghazal meN maaraa: (Zauq)

"Ghalib"! apnaa yeh a�qeedah hai, ba-qaul-e-NasiKh
aap be-behrah hai jo mo'taqid-e-Mir naheeN (Ghalib)

reKhtee ke tumheeN ustaad naheeN ho "Ghalib"
kehte haiN agle zamaaneh meN koyee Mir bh`ee th`aa! (Ghalib)


t^arz-e-Bedil meN reeKhtah kehnaa
Asadullah KhaN! qiyaamat hai (Ghalib)

mast "NasiKh" mujh`e rakh`taa hai kalaam-e-Hafiz
mere saaGhar meN ba-juz baadah-e-Shiraz naheeN (NasiKh)

kab hamaaree fikr se hotaa hai Sauda kaa jawaab
haaN tatabbu' karte haiN "NasiKh" ham us maGhfoor kaa (NasiKh)

"NasiKh"! hai Mir sallamahu-Allah kee zameeN
ik ma'nee-e-shiguftah ko baaNdh`aa hazaar raNg (NasiKh)

hamaare qareebee daur ke buzurg sho,a�raa bh`ee aise hee shareef-ut-t^aba' aur munkasir-ul-mizaaj th`e. dekh`iye Maulaanah Hasrat Mohani kyaa kehte haiN:

"Hasrat"! yeh voh Ghazal hai jise sun ke sab kaheN
Momin se apne raNg ko too ne milaa diyaa (Hasrat)

sheereen-e-Naseem hai, soz-o-gudaaz-e-Mir
"Hasrat"! tire suKhan pah hai lut^f-e-suKhan tamaam (Hasrat)

she�r mere bh`ee haiN pur-dard wa-lekin "Hasrat"
Mir kaa sheva-e-guftaar kahaaN se laa,ooN? (Hasrat)

t^urfah "Hasrat" ba-shoKhee-e-Inshaa
raNg-e-Jur'at mire bayaan meN hai (Hasrat)

(b) Ghair-sha,o�oree tawaarud us waqt hotaa hai jab koyee shaa,i�r apne she�r meN Ghair-iraadee t^aur par naa-daanistah kisee doosre shaa,i�r ke Khayaal yaa t^arz-e-bayaan kee naql baaNdh`e. chooN.k Urdu shaa,i�ree meN mushkil se hee ab koyee aisaa maZ^moon reh gayaa hai jis ko kisee nah kisee shaa,i�r ne nah baaNdh`aa ho is liYe Ghair-sha,o�oree tawaarud hotaa hee rehtaa hai. asaatiZah ke kalaam meN bh`ee is kee muta,a�ddid micaaleN miltee haiN. Ghair-shaa,o�ree tawaarud ke liYe kisee ko moorid-e-ilzaam naheeN Thairaayaa jaa saktaa hai kyoN.k yeh :saaniHah: kisee iraadeh yaa sha,o�oree koshish kaa nateejah naheeN hotaa hai. is mauZ^oo� par mazeed guftgoo aage aaYe gee.
zer-e-naz^ar maZ^moon meN tawaarud kee beHc ko kayee HiSSoN meN taqseem kiyaa gayaa hai taa.k tawaarud par ser-HaaSil Khayaal-aaraayee kee jaa sake. is guftgoo ke dauraan yeh waaZ^eH ho jaaYe gaa keh tawaarud se asaatiZah bh`ee apnaa daaman naheeN bachaa sake haiN!
maZ^moon meN jaa-ba-jaa muKhtalif sho,a�raa ke ash,a�ar micaal ke t^aur par diYe gaYe haiN. jahaaN shaa,i�r kaa naam ma�loom naheeN ho sakaa hai yaa Zehn se utar gayaa hai wahaaN :naa-ma�loom: likh` diyaa gayaa hai.
garmee-e-bazm-e-muHabbat ko baRh`aane ke liYe
ch`aiRtaa rehtaa hooN maiN Husn ke afsaane ko (Raz Chandpuri)
(IV)Chand WaZ^aaHateN aur TafSeelaat
oopar �tawaarud� aur �sarqeh� par chand bunyaadee baateN bayaan kee gayee haiN, sha,o�oree aur Ghair-sha,o�oree tawaarud kaa Zikr hai aur apne buzurgoN ke kisee doosre baRe shaa,i�r se iktisaab-e-i�lm par faKhr kaa taZkirah bh`ee hai. yeh z^aahir hai keh maZkoorah e'tiraaf hameshah mumkin naheeN hai. KhuSooSa� Ghair-sha,o'oree tawaarud kee Soorat meN to shaa,i�r ko i�lm hee naheeN hotaa hai keh woh tawaarud kaa murtakib huwaa hai. is marHale par yeh sawaal kiYe jaa sakte haiN:
(1) sha,o�oree aur Ghair-sha,o�oree tawaarud meN imtiaaz kee kyaa Soorat hai?
(2) tawaarud aur sarqeh men farq kyoN-kar mumkin hai?
(3) manz^oomaat (KhuSooSa� Ghazal) meN nacr kee ba-nisbat tawaarud kyoN aasaan aur a�am hai (bal.k nacr meN to yeh taqreeba� mafqood hai!) .
in nikaat par muKhtaSara� beHc darj-e-zel hai:
(1) jahaaN tak tawaarud kaa ta,a�lluq hai us kee sha,o�oree Soorat kee nishaan.dehee shaa,i�r Khud hee kar saktaa hai, aur gaahe-gaahe yeh iqdaam naz^ar bh`ee aa jaataa hai. u�mooma� log aise ash,a�ar ko "--" yaa kisee aur shakl meN muqai,yaad kar ke sha,o�oree tawaarud kaa shaa,istah e'laan kar dete haiN. ba'Z^ auqaat woh us shaa,i�r kaa naam bh`ee likh` dete haiN jis se istifaadah kiyaa gayaa hai. agar doosraa shaa,i�r itnaa mash,hoor hai ke us kaa kalaam logoN meN ma�,roof-o-ma�loom hai to akcar aisee nishaan.dehee Z^arooree naheeN samjh`ee jaatee hai aur tawaarud kee shinaaKht qaaree per ch`oR dee jaatee hai. yeh t^arz-e-a�mal Ghair-mustaHsin hargiz naheeN kahaa jaa saktaa hai warnah pehle shaa,i�r kee niyaat par shak karnaa paRe gaa jo yaqeena� Ghair-mustaHsin ho gaa! a�am zindagee kee t^araH shaa,i�ree meN bh`ee har shaKhS us waqt tak nek-niyyat aur baree-ul-ilzaam samjh`aa jaataa hai jab tak us ke Khilaaf naa-qaabil-e-tardeed cuboot nah faraaham ho jaaYe!
Ghair-sha,o�oree tawaarud kaa choon.k shaa,i�r ko i�lm hee naheeN hotaa hai is liYe us se aise ash,a�ar kee munaasib nishaan-dehee kee tavaqqo' naheeN honee chaahiYe. albattah yeh Z^aroor hai keh tawaarud kee shinaaKht kaa i�lm hone par woh is kaa iqraar kar le aur yaa to voh she�r apne kalaam se Hazf kar de yaa tawaarud kee munaasib nishaan-dehee kar de. jahaan poore miSre� "laR jaaYeN" yaa Khayaal beshtar musta,a�ar ho, aisee nishaan-dehee aasaan hai. magar jahaaN Sirf alfaaz^, fiqroN yaa t^arz-e-bayaan kaa tawaarud ho vahaaN yeh hamesha mumkin naheeN hai aur shaayad is kee Z^aroorat bh`ee naheeN hai.
(2) sarqah (ya�nee �choree�) u�mooma� aisee Soorat meN paayaa jaataa hai keh kisee puraane aur achh`e magar nisbata� Ghair-ma'roof shaa,i�r kaa kalaam koyee shaKhS ek muddat guZar jaane par apne naam se (th`oRee see tarmeem ke ba'd aur ba'Z^ auqaat jooN kaa tooN!) is ummeed par shaa,ye� karvaa de keh logoN kee rasaayee puraane shaa,i�r tak vaqt kee bhool-bhullai'yyoN meN nah ho sake gee aur voh choree ke ilzaam se bach jaaYe gaa! sarqah taqreeba� hameshah hee pakaR liyaa jaataa hai kyoN.k koyee nah koyee qaaree aisaa nikal hee aataa hai jo is jurm kee nishaan-dehee ke i�alaava cuboot bh`ee faraaham kar detaa hai! tawaarud yaa sarqeh kaa faiSilah Sirf qaaree par
naheeN ch`oRaa jaa saktaa hai aur nah yeh uskaa kaam hee hai. albattah voh aisee Soorat meN apne shak-o-shub,h kaa iz^haar kar saktaa hai aur us ke ba'd ahl-e-i�lm muaa,mileh kee teHqeeq kar sakte haiN.
(3) GhazaloN meN (KhuSooSa� ch�oTee beHr kee GhazaloN meN) tawaarud kaa imkaan baRh jaataa hai, kyoN.k in kaa iKhtiSaar shaa,i�r ke liYe alfaaz^ aur fiqroN kaa intiKhaab maHdood kar detaa hai. z^aahir hai keh aisee beHroN meN baRe baRe alfaaz^, fiqre aur taraakeeb bohat hee kam ista�maal ho.sakte haiN. is par mustazaad radeef aur qaafiye kee paabandee use aise maZ^aameen naz^m karne par majboor kartee hai jo akcar "saamne ke" hote haiN aur ma�moolee see koshish se taqreeba� her shaa,i�r par "naazil" ho sakte haiN. is kee chand micaaleN aage aa rahee haiN. nacr meN tawaarud taqreeba� naa-mumkin hai. tafSeel kee Z^aroorat naheeN hai kyoN.k yeh baat fit^ree t^aur par z^aahir hai.
(V) Tawaarud
neeche shaa,i�ree meN tawaarud kee chand micaaleN dee jaa rahee haiN. maZ^moon ke is pehloo ko chaar HiSSoN meN taqseem kiyaa gayaa hai.
(1) HiSSah # 1: is meN nisbata� kam ma'roof aur Ghair-ma'roof sho,a�raa ke kalaam se micaaleN lee gayee haiN. is giroh meN chand aise eHbaab bh`ee shaamil haiN jo internet kee muKhtalif meHfiloN ke Hawaaleh se jaane-pehchaane haiN.
(2) Hissah # 2: is meN nisbata� ma'roof sho,a'raa ke ash,a�ar meN tawaarud kee micaaleN dee gayee haiN. alfaaz^, fiqroN, muHaaviroN, andaaz-e-bayaan waGhairah meN tavaarud ke imtiaaz aur us kee nishaan-dehee kaa ehtimaam naheeN kiyaa gayaa hai. qaari,een Khud in baareekiyoN ko samajh` sakte haiN.
(3) Hissah # 3: is meN mashaaheer sho,a'raa aur asaatiZah ke ash,a'ar meN tawaarud aur mumaacilat dikhaayee gayee hai.
(4) Hissah # 4: is meN chand micaaleN aise Urdu sho,a'raa kee dee gayee haiN jinhoN ne Farsee ke sho,a'raa se istifaadah kiyaa hai. muta,a�lliqah Farsee ash,a'aar kaa Urdu tarjuma de.diyaa gayaa hai taa.k nafs-e-maZ^moon waaZ^eH ho jaaYe aur Farsee ash,a'ar kee laZZat-o-taGhazzul se bh`ee lut^f-andoz huwaa jaa sake.
in micaaloN meN yeh bataane kee koyee koshish naheen kee gayee hai keh kis shaa,i�r ne kis se istifaadah kiyaa hai. u�mooma� yeh seyaaq-o-sebaaq se z^aahir ho jaataa hai. yahaaN Sirf ash,a'ar kee mumaacilat z^aahir kar dee gayee hai. paRhi,Ye aur lut^f-andoz-o-mustafeed ho,iYe!
"Saif" andaaz-e-bayaaN baat badal detaa hai
warnah dunyaa meN koyee baat, nayee baat naheeN (Saif)
Hissah # 1: Nisbata� kam Ma�roof sho,a�raa ke Kalaam meN Tawaarud
(1) aarzoo-e-janaab kaun kare
apnee miTTee Kharaab kaun kare (Jugnoo)
shikva-e-iZ^t^iraab kaun kare
apnee dunyaa Kharaab kaun kare (�Shakeel� Badayuni)
(2) agar Khaamosh rehtee hooN to dam seene meN ghuT,taa hai
jo ro'ooN to khaTaktee hooN nigaahoN meN zamaane kee (Hayaa)
dekh` tire deevaanoN kee ab jaan pah kyaa ban aayee hai
chup saadh`eN to dam ghuTtaa hai, boleN to rusvaayee hai (Raj Kumar Qais)
(3) shikva-e-zeest kyaa kareN "Sarwar"
ranj-o-aalaam se najaat kahaaN (Sarwar A. Raz �Sarwar�)
qaid-e-Hayaat-o-band-e-Gham aSl meN donoN ek haiN
maut se pehle aadamee Gham se najaat paaYe kyoN? (Ghalib)
(4) miree her aah, aah-e-do-jahaaN ma�loom hotee hai
shikast-e-dil, shikast-e-laa-makaaN ma�loom hotee hai
judaa dunyaa ke raNj-o-Gham se Gham meraa naheeN "Sarwar"
:jo suntaa hai, usee kee daastaaN maloom hotee hai:
(Sarwar A. Raz �Sarwar�)
kahaanee meree roodaad-e-jahaaN ma�loom hotee hai
jo suntaa hai, usee kee daastaaN ma�loom hotee hai (Seemaab Akbarabadi)
(5) behtar hai yehee dil nah zamaane se lagaaYeN
is raah-e-fanaa meN to hai nuqSaan hee nuqSaan (Rajiv NaadaaN)
behtar to hai yehee ke nah dunyaa se dil lage
par kyaa kareN jo kaam na be-dil-lagee chale? (Zauq)
(6) voh jo naa-aashnaa vafaa se hai
maaNgtaa hai vohee vafaa mujh` se (Rizvana Khalil)
ham ko unse vafaa kee hai ummeed
jo naheeN jaante vafaa kyaa hai (Ghalib)
(7) har shaKhS Ghazal.saraa hai dekho
kyaa e�hd-e-zavaal aa gayaa hai (Wasif Sajjad)
her bul-havas ne Husn-parastee shi,a�ar kee
ab aabroo-e-shevah-e-ahl-e-nazar gayee (Ghalib)
(8) us.kee meHfil meN baiTh kar dekh`o
zindagee kitnee KhoobSoorat hai (Qabil Ajmeri)
us.kee meHfil meN aaYe to jaanaa
zindagee kitnee KhoobSoorat hai (Baaqee Siddiqui)
(9) da�avaa-e-suKhandaanee naheeN mujh` ko va-lekin
likh'taa hooN sabab Gham kaa to ban jaataa hai deevaan (Rajiv NaadaaN)
mujh` ko shaa,i'r na kaho �Mir� ke SaaHeb maiN ne
dard-o-Gham jama� kiYe kitne to deevaan kiyaa (Mir)
Hissah # 2: Ma�roof Sho,a�raa ke yahaaN Tawaarud
(1) yeh ek path`ar jo raasteh meN paRaa huwaa hai
ise muHabbat taraash le to yehee Sanam hai
ise a�qeedat saNvaar de to yehee Khudaa hai (Himayat A. Shaa'ir)
a�qeedat kuch` banaa de, varnah path`ar Sirf path`ar hai
Haram ke dar meN ho yaa but-kadeh ke aastaane meN (Seemab Akbarabadi)
(2) maiN ne jis t^araH zeest kaaTee hai
ek din hee sahee, basar to kar! (Mohsin Bhopali)
maiN ne jis Haal meN ik u�mr basar kee �Sarshaar�
ek hee din kabh`ee is t^araH guZaare koyee (Sarshaar Siddiqui)
kh`ule yeh tum pah musaafir kee zindagee kyaa hai
miree t^araH agar ik din guZaarnaa paR.jaaYe (Mehshar Badayuni)
(3) zeest ham.saaYe se maaNgaa huwaa zevar to naheeN
ek dh`aRkaa saa lagaa rehtaa hai kh`o jaane kaa (Mohsin Bhopali)
majbooriyoN par Daale haiN parde
meree haNsee hai maaNge kaa zevar (Andaleeb Shaadaanee)
(4) aur bh`ee Gham haiN zamaane meN muHabbat ke sivaa
raaHataiN aur bh`ee haiN vasl kee raaHat ke sivaa (Faiz Ahmad Faiz)
manzileN aur bh`ee haiN ishq kee manzil ke sivaa
aur bh`ee Gham haiN zamaane meN Gham-e-dil ke sivaa (Himayat A.Shaa'ir)
(5) un kaa aaNchal hai, keh ruKhsaar, keh pairaahan hai
kuch` to hai jis se huyee jaatee hai chilman raNgeeN (Faiz Ahmad Faiz)
Saaf ch�upte bh`ee naheeN saamne aate bh`ee naheeN
Khoob pardah hai keh chilman se lage baiThe haiN (Dagh)
Hissah # 3: AsaatiZah ke kalaam meN Tawaarud
(1) chaman meN gul ne jo kal da�vah-e-jamaal kiyaa
Jamaal-e-yaar ne muNh uskaa Khoob laal kiyaa (Mir)
baraabaree kaa tiree gul ne jab Khayaal kiyaa
Sabaa ne maar tamaaNcha muNh us kaa laal kiyaa (Sauda)
(2) mudda,e�e laakh` buraa chaahe to kyaa hotaa hai
vohee hotaa hai jo manz^oor-e-Khudaa hotaa hai (naa-ma'loom)
dar-ba-dar naasiya-farsaayee se kyaa hotaa hai
vohee hotaa hai jo qismat meN likh`aa hotaa hai (Momin)
(3) hazaaroN baar nikle ashk lekin phir bh`ee kam nikle
Ilaahee! aur kaise aarzoo-e-chashm-e-nam nikle (Hasrat Mohani)
hazaaroN KhwaahisheN aisee keh har Khwaahish peh dam nikle
bohat nikle mire armaan lekin ph`ir bh`ee kam nikle (Ghalib)
(4) vafaa tujh` se ai be-vafaa chaahtaa hooN
miree saadagee dekh` kyaa chaahtaa hooN (Hasrat)
tire i�shq kee intihaa chaahtaa hooN
miree saadagee dekh` kyaa chaahtaa hooN (Iqbal)
ham ko un se vafaa kee hai ummeed
jo naheeN jaante vafaa kyaa hai (Ghalib)
(5) laaGhar aisaa hooN ke too gar bazm meN jaa de mujh`e
meraa Zimmah dekh` kar gar koyee batlaa de mujh`e (Ghalib)
laaGhar aisaa hooN kisee ko maiN nazar aataa naheeN
chaahiYe Maanee varaq saadah miree taSveer kaa (NasiKh)
(6) ch`eR naaHaq nah ai naseem-e-bahaar
sair-e-gul ka yahaaN kise hai damaaGh (Hasrat)
firaaq-e-yaar meN takleef-e-sair-e-baaGh nah do
hameN dimaaGh naheeN Khanda-haaYe be-jaa kaa (Ghalib)
nah ch`eR ai nakhat-e-baad-e-bahaaree raah lag apnee
tujh�e uTh`kheliyaan soojh`ee haiN ham bezaar baiThe haiN (Inshaa)
(7) mire ba'd guZre voh mashq-e-sitam se
nidaamat ke pehloo numaayaaN haiN Gham se (Hasrat)
kee mire qatl ke ba'd us ne jafaa se taubah
haaYe us zood-pashemaaN kaa pashemaaN honaa (Ghalib)
(8) Zo�f se giryah mubaddal ba-dam-e-sard huwaa
baavar aayaa hameN paanee kaa havaa ho jaanaa (Ghalib)
ashk th`am jaaYeN jo furqat meN to aaheN nikleN
Khushk ho jaaYe jo paanee to havaa paidaa ho (NasiKh)
(9) i�shq Haq hai kaheeN, nabee hai kaheeN
hai Muhammad kaheeN, Ali hai kaheeN
i�shq a�alee-janaab rakh`taa hai
Jibra,eel-o-Kitaab rakh`taa hai (Mir)
i�shq dam-e-Jibra,eel, i�shq dil-e-MuStafaa
i�shq Khudaa kaa payaam, i�shq Khudaa kaa kalaam (Iqbal)
(10) sharH-e-be-mehree-e-eHbaab karooN kyaa Hasrat
raNj aisaa dil-e-maayoos ko kam poNhchaa th`aa (Hasrat)
karte kis muNh se ho Ghurbat kee shikaayat Ghalib
tum ko be-mehree-e-yaaraan-e-vatan yaad naheeN? (Ghalib)
Hissah # 4: Urdu shaa,i�oN kaa Farsi Sho,a�raa se Istifaadah
(1) dostaaN mana' kunandam ke chiraa dil ba-too daadam
baayad avval ba-too guftan ke chuneeN Khoob chiraayee (Sa'dee Shirazi)
(mere dost mujh` ko mana' karte haiN ke "too ne us ko apnaa dil kyoN diyaa?" unheN chaahiYe ke pehle us (mere meHboob) se pooch`eN keh "too is qadar KhoobSoorat kyoN hai?" )
pyaar karne kaa jo KhoobaaN ham pe rakh`te haiN gunaah
un se bh`ee to pooch`iYe, tum itne pyaare kyoN huwe? (Mir)
(2) guftah boodam choo be-aayee Gham-e-dil baa too be-gooyam
che begooyam keh Gham az dil be-ravad chooN too be-aayee (Sa'dee Shirazi)
(maiN kehtaa th`aa ke jab too aaYegaa to tujh`e apnaa Haal-e-dil sunaa,ooN gaa. lekin maiN kyaa kahooN jab tere aate hee meraa saaraa Gham-e-dil Ghaa,ib ho gayaa?)
kehte th`e keh yooN kehte, yooN kehte jo voh aataa
sab kehne kee baateN haiN, kuch` bh`ee nah kahaa jaataa (Mir)
(3) ai dil Suboor baash, ma-Khur Gham, keh a�aqibat
az shaam subH gardad-o-az-shab seHar shavad (Hafiz Shirazi)
(ai mere dil! Sabr kar aur Gham nah kar kyoN.k aaKhir-e-kaar har shaam subH meN badal jaatee hai aur har raat se seHar t^uloo' hotee hai)
Thehree huyee hai shab kee siyaahee vaheeN magar
kuch` kuch` seHar ke raNg pur-afshaaN huwe to haiN (Faiz Ahmad Faiz)
(4) gadaa-e-koo-e-too az hasht Khuld mustaGhnee-ast
aseer-e-band-e-too az har do-aalam aazaad ast (Hafiz Shirazi)
(tere kooche kaa faqeer aaThoN jannatoN se be-niyaaz hai, aur teraa giriftaar donoN aalam se aazaad hai)
jo tire Husn ke faqeer huwe
un ko tashveesh-e-rozgaar kahaaN
dard bechen ge, geet gaaYeN ge
aisaa Khush.vaqt kaaro-baar kahaaN (Faiz)
(VI) Harf-e-aaKhir:
is maZ^moon se chand nataa,ij aKhz kiYe jaa sakte haiN:
(1) shaa,i�ree meN tavaarud koyee Ghair-ma'moolee baat naheeN hai aur us par sharmindagee kee bh`ee koyee vajh naheeN hai. albattah us kaa i�lm ho jaane
par us kaa e'tiraaf aur apne muHsin shaa,i�r ke qarZ^ kee munaasib nishaan-dehee se adaa,igee mustaHsin hai.
(2) sha,o�oree taur par kisee shaa,i�r ke she�r yaa Khayaal ko apne andaaz meN baaNdh` kar bh`ee yehee e'tiraaf laazmee hai.
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